Which processes act as counterregulatory responses triggering during hypoglycemia to raise glucose?

Which processes act as counterregulatory responses triggering during hypoglycemia to raise glucose?

• A. Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
• B. Glycolysis and lipogenesis.
• C. Ketogenesis and protein synthesis.
• D. Glycogenesis and lipolysis.

Answer: (A)

During hypoglycemia the body activates counterregulatory signals to restore blood glucose. The liver plays a central role by releasing glucose through glycogenolysis, the rapid breakdown of stored glycogen, and by producing new glucose via gluconeogenesis from non-carbohydrate substrates. Glycogenolysis provides a quick supply of glucose within minutes, while gluconeogenesis sustains glucose levels as glycogen runs low. These responses are driven by hormones like epinephrine and glucagon, with cortisol and growth hormone providing support during longer episodes. In contrast, glycolysis uses glucose to generate energy, lipogenesis stores glucose as fat, and ketogenesis creates ketone bodies for alternative fuel rather than raising blood glucose. Protein synthesis does not directly increase glucose either. So the processes that raise glucose during hypoglycemia are glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.

During hypoglycemia the body activates counterregulatory signals to restore blood glucose. The liver plays a central role by releasing glucose through glycogenolysis, the rapid breakdown of stored glycogen, and by producing new glucose via gluconeogenesis from non-carbohydrate substrates. Glycogenolysis provides a quick supply of glucose within minutes, while gluconeogenesis sustains glucose levels as glycogen runs low. These responses are driven by hormones like epinephrine and glucagon, with cortisol and growth hormone providing support during longer episodes.

In contrast, glycolysis uses glucose to generate energy, lipogenesis stores glucose as fat, and ketogenesis creates ketone bodies for alternative fuel rather than raising blood glucose. Protein synthesis does not directly increase glucose either. So the processes that raise glucose during hypoglycemia are glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.