What are the two types of alkalosis?

What are the two types of alkalosis?

• A. Metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis
• B. Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis
• C. Lactic acidosis and ketoacidosis
• D. Acute and chronic alkalosis

Answer: (A)

Alkalosis is defined by a rise in pH due to the underlying cause being either respiratory or metabolic. The two types are metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory alkalosis happens when CO2 is lost faster than it can be produced, typically from hyperventilation, which raises pH. Metabolic alkalosis comes from an excess of bicarbonate or a loss of hydrogen ions, such as vomiting, diuretic use, or certain medicines, which also raises pH. In practice, respiratory alkalosis shows high pH with low CO2, while metabolic alkalosis shows high pH with high bicarbonate. The other options either describe acidosis (not alkalosis) or mix duration rather than mechanism. So the correct pairing is metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis.

Alkalosis is defined by a rise in pH due to the underlying cause being either respiratory or metabolic. The two types are metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory alkalosis happens when CO2 is lost faster than it can be produced, typically from hyperventilation, which raises pH. Metabolic alkalosis comes from an excess of bicarbonate or a loss of hydrogen ions, such as vomiting, diuretic use, or certain medicines, which also raises pH. In practice, respiratory alkalosis shows high pH with low CO2, while metabolic alkalosis shows high pH with high bicarbonate. The other options either describe acidosis (not alkalosis) or mix duration rather than mechanism. So the correct pairing is metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis.